Toyota Camry

1996-2001 of release

Repair and car operation



Toyota Camry
+ 1. The maintenance instruction
+ 1.2. The information before car driving
+ 1.3. Independent maintenance service
+ 1.4. Technical characteristics
+ 1.5. Some councils at car purchase
+ 2. Maintenance service
- 3. Engines
   + 3.1.2. Compression check
   + 3.2. 6-cylinder двухрядные engines V6 of 3,0 l
   - 3.3. A partition of engines
      3.3.1.2. 6-cylinder двухрядные engines
      3.3.2. Engine major repairs – broad-brush observations
      3.3.3. Diagnostics of the engine with the help вакууметра
      3.3.4. Engine major repairs – alternatives
      3.3.5. Auxiliary elements of the engine
      3.3.6. Removal and engine installation
      3.3.7. An engine partition
      3.3.8. A head of cylinders and valves
      3.3.9. The balancing device (the 4-cylinder engine)
      3.3.10. Pistons and rods
      3.3.11. A cranked shaft
      3.3.12. The block of cylinders
      3.3.13. Хонингование cylinders
      3.3.14. Radical bearings and bearings of rods
      3.3.15. Measurement of size of a free wheeling of the balancing device
      3.3.16. Piston rings
      3.3.17. Radical bearings of a cranked shaft
      3.3.18. A back epiploon of a cranked shaft
      3.3.19. Shatunnye bearings
      3.3.20. Installation of the balancing device of the engine
      3.3.21. It is more likely live, than it is dead …
      3.3.22. The analysis дымности an exhaust
      3.3.23. A gear belt for a mechanism drive timing
      3.3.24. Occurrence in deposit oil
      3.3.25. An engine overheat
   + 3.4. An engine electric equipment
+ 4. Cooling system
+ 5. Heating and ventilation
+ 6. Fuel system
+ 7. An exhaust system
+ 8. Transmission
+ 9. A running gear
+ 10. Brake system
+ 11. A body
+ 12. An electric equipment


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3.3.3. Diagnostics of the engine with the help вакууметра
THE GENERAL DATA

Depression measurement is reliable and rather cheap way of diagnostics of the engine. Under indications вакууметра it is possible to receive representation about a condition of piston group, about tightness of linings of a head of the block of the cylinders which are soaking up and final collectors, correctness of adjustments of the power supply system of the engine and release of the fulfilled gases, throughput of the fulfilled gases, a condition of valves (them залипании or a burn-out) and springs of valves and also to check up correctness of adjustment of the moment of ignition and preservation of phases timing at engine work.

For check of a condition of the engine use a vacuum measuring instrument.

Unfortunately, indications вакууметра are difficult for interpreting and results of the analysis of indications can be erroneous, therefore, vacuum diagnostics expediently to unite with other methods.

Initial factors on which indications вакууметра are analyzed and the most exact conclusions about an engine condition become, the absolute instrument reading and character of movement of an arrow of the device (dynamics of indications) are. A majority scale вакууметров проградуирована in mm. рт. A column. In process of depression increase (and accordingly pressure drop) the instrument reading increases. On each 300 m above sea level absolute indications вакууметра will differ approximately on 25 мм.рт.ст.

Attach вакууметр directly to a soaking up collector, but not to other apertures through which the vacuum, by the channel of certain length separated from a collector (for example, to apertures before throttle заслонкой) is created.

Before the beginning of tests completely warm up the engine. Block wheels and put the car on a manual brake. At position of the lever of a gear change in neutral position (or in position Park on cars with automatic transmission) start the engine and leave to idle.


The prevention

Before engine start carefully check up a condition of blades of the fan (presence on them of damages or cracks). In an operating time of the engine do not bring a hand too close to the fan, hold the device on sufficient removal from the fan and do not stand on one line with rotating крыльчаткой.


Check up the indication вакууметра. On the serviceable engine вакууметр should show depression 430–560 мм.рт.ст., and the arrow of the device should be almost motionless.

More low the description of character of indications вакууметра and techniques of definition of a condition of the engine on their basis follows.

Too low level of depression usually specifies on негерметичность linings between a soaking up collector and the chamber throttle заслонки, a vacuum hose, and also in too later ignition or for the wrong moment of opening and closing of valves. Before removing covers of a gear belt and to check up combination of adjusting labels check up installation of ignition by means of a stroboscope and eliminate all other possible reasons, being guided by the techniques of check described in the present Chapter.

If indications вакууметра on 75–200 мм.рт.ст. Below normal also are unstable (the arrow twitches) it specifies in a leak in a lining on an input of a soaking up collector or on malfunction of an atomizer.

If the arrow regularly deviates on 50–100 мм.рт.ст., the reason is негерметичность valves. For acknowledgement of this conclusion check up a compression in engine cylinders.

The arrow irregularly deviates towards low indications, or shaking shows low depression. A plausible reason is the raised resistance to movement of valves, or faults in work of cylinders. Check up a compression in cylinders and examine candles.

If idling the arrow quickly fluctuates within 100 мм.рт.ст., and engine work is accompanied by a smoke from the muffler directing plugs of valves are worn out. For check of this conclusion it is necessary to conduct tests of chambers of combustion for tightness (with air rating). If the arrow quickly fluctuates and the increase in turns of the engine it is necessary to check up tightness of a lining of a soaking up collector, elasticity of springs of valves is simultaneously observed. Such indications also can be caused a burn-out of valves and faults in work of cylinders (ignition failures).

(Within 20–30 мм.рт.ст.в both parties) specify weak fluctuations of an arrow in unstable work of ignition. Check up all provided installations and adjustments, if necessary connect to the engine the analyzer of system of ignition.

At the big fluctuations of an arrow check up a compression in cylinders, or conduct tests for tightness as causes of defect can be the idle cylinder, or infringement of tightness of a lining of a head of cylinders.

If instrument readings slowly vary in a wide range check up cleanliness of pipelines of system of compulsory ventilation картера, correctness of adjustment of a gas mixture, tightness of linings of the case throttle заслонки, or a soaking up collector.

Sharply open throttle заслонку and when engine turns will reach 2500 rpm release заслонку. Заслонка should come back slowly in a starting position. Indications вакууметра should fall almost to zero, then increase and exceed the control indications corresponding to stationary idling approximately on 125 мм.рт.ст., then depression should be restored at former level. If depression is restored slowly, and at sharp opening заслонки excess of the control indication is absent, the reason deterioration of piston rings can be. At the slowest restoration of depression check up cleanliness of a final path (as a rule the muffler or каталитического the converter). The most simple way of such check consists in disconnection of an exhaust path before a suspicious site and in test repetition.

Compression check in engine cylinders

Results of check of a compression in engine cylinders allow to judge a condition of group of details in the top part of the engine (pistons, rings, valves and a lining of a head of the block of cylinders). Namely, compression reduction can be caused негерметичностью chambers of combustion owing to deterioration of piston rings, damage of heads of valves and saddles, прогара linings of a head of the block of cylinders.

It is possible to measure pressure of oil, having removed the gauge of pressure and having established on its place a measuring instrument (4-cylinder model).

Расположене the gauge of pressure of oil on the 6-cylinder engine

In models V6 the gauge of pressure of oil (arrow) is located in a forward part of the engine.


The prevention

For reception of exact results of check the engine should be heated-up to normal temperature, and the battery is completely charged.


Begin with that clear sites near to spark plugs for what blow compressed air (in the absence of the compressor blow sites automobile, or even bicycle, the pump). It is necessary to exclude dirt hit in cylinders at compression measurement.

Turn out spark plugs.

Completely open throttle заслонку and fix in such position.

Disconnect the central high-voltage wire from a cover of the distributor of ignition, connect it to weight on the block of cylinders. For reliability connection with weight execute by means of a special short-circuiting piece of a wire with clips of alligator type on both ends. Also will not prevent to remove a safety lock of electronic system of injection of fuel on the assembly block that will provide a blackout of the electric fuel pump at compression measurement.

For measurement of pressure of compression in the cylinder use a special measuring instrument which is twisted in a spark plug aperture (an arrow the nest of a candle of the first cylinder) is specified.

Insert a compression measuring instrument into an aperture for a candle.

Include a starter and turn коленвал on some turns, watching indications of a manometre of a measuring instrument of a compression. On the serviceable engine pressure should accrue quickly. Low pressure after the first piston stroke and slow increase at the subsequent steps of compression specifies in deterioration of piston rings. If after the first piston stroke pressure low, and at the subsequent steps of compression does not increase, the reason is leak in valves or негерметичность linings of a head of the block of cylinders (the reason formation of cracks in a head also can be). Compression decrease can be caused also deposit adjournment on heads of valves. Write down the greatest value of a compression.

Repeat procedure of measurement for other cylinders, results compare to the standard data.

Through an aperture for a candle enter into each cylinder of a few oil for the engine (about three full шприцевых butterdishes), then repeat tests.

If after introduction of oil the compression has raised, it is possible to draw an unequivocal conclusion that piston rings are worn out. If the compression increases slightly leak occurs through valves, or a lining of a head of the block of cylinders. Leak through valves can be caused a burn-out of saddles and-or facets of valves, and also deformation of cores of valves, or formation on them of cracks.

If a compression equally low only in two next cylinders most a plausible reason is the lining burn-out between these cylinders. Occurrence in chambers of combustion or in картере коленвала the block of cylinders of traces of a cooling liquid will be acknowledgement of this conclusion.

If value of a compression in one of cylinders more low for 20 percent, than in other cylinders and the engine unstably idles, deterioration of a cam of the cam-shaft operating the final valve can be the reason.

If value of a compression exceeds norm the combustion chamber is covered by deposit adjournment. In this case a head of cylinders it is necessary to remove and remove a deposit.

If the compression in all cylinders low, or strongly differs for different cylinders it is necessary to conduct tests of chambers of combustion for tightness for what it is necessary to address in a specialised workshop. As a result of tests places of leaks should be precisely established and the quantitative characteristic of leak is given.